He still trapped but did not sell his or Crow furs to his former partners of the Rocky Mountain Fur Company. Of Black and Creek Indian descent, outlaw Rufus Buck led the Rufus Buck Gang, which rose to prominence in summer 1895. He soon died of mysterious causes. Outraged by the massacre, the Cheyenne interdicted Beckwourth from trading with them. Thanks for this fascinating information. Bonner chronicled Beckwourths memories in a book, The Life and Adventures of James P. Beckwourth, Mountaineer, Scout, Pioneer and Chief of the Crow Nation of Indians, which was published in 1856. By 1848 and the start of the Gold Rush, Beckwourth went to California. In the great tallying up of James Beckwourth's many children, it is difficult to ascertain just who they, their mothers, and their descendants were. Then in 1823, he signed on for an expedition with the Rocky Mountain Fur Trading Company, which took him deep into the western wilderness. Any gap in the market was filled by Astors American Fur Company and Hudsons Bay Fur Company. Although Beckwith raised the boy as his own son, he legally held him as master until manumitting him by deed of emancipation in court in 1824, 1825, and 1826. By this time, the Rocky Mountain Fur Company had changed. Failed to delete memorial. But he abandoned her and the Crow shortly thereafter. According to his autobiography, he spent most of his adult life with Apaches, Crows and Sacs, who gave him the appellation Dark Sky. He is our brother.". His father took him to Louisiana Territory in 1810 and eventually to St. Louis and there apparently manumitted him, for he was thereafter regarded as a free Negro. His features were said to have resembled those of an American Indian. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. Most importantly, Beckwourth's biographyby T.D. In 1859, Beckwourth returned to Missouri briefly, but settled later that year in Denver, Colorado. You can always change this later in your Account settings. The house is now a museum, and is located a mile or so from Beckwourth's namesake community. 1800-1866) son of a wealthy Virginian landowner and his slave. Reeves was born into slavery in Arkansas in 1838. Where did James beckwourth live? When he returned to the West in the late 1830s, he sought work along the Old Spanish Trail. After the first cabin burned shortly after it was built in 1852, Beckwourth built another home and accompanying outbuildings. There he encountered a wandering journalist, Thomas D. Bonner, who recorded many of the frontiersmans yarns and recollections in an 1856 book that made his subject famous for a time: The Life and Adventures of James P. Beckwourth, Mountaineer, Scout, Pioneer and Chief of the Crow Nation of Indians. He settled in Kansas and found work as a cowboy on the cattle trails and as a Pullman porter on the railroads. Early historians of the Old West originally considered the book little more than campfire lore. Nobody seems to know exactly when James Beckwourth was born. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Legend holds that the Crow poisoned him, thinking that if they couldnt have his leadership in person, they would have the next best thing by thus capturing his spirit on their behalf. As a fur trapper, he lived with the Crow for years. Beckwourth was admired for his knowledge of the west and well-loved for his story-telling ability. After Bonner "polished up" Beckwourth's rough narrative, The Life and Adventures Street Team INNW, St. Paul, Sam Houston, Politician and Slave Owner born, Mary Rice Hayes Allen, Education Administrator, born, Douglass Hospital, (Kansas City, MO.) His father was Sir Jennings Beckwith, a descendant of Irish and English nobility, and his mother was an enslaved African-American mulatto woman held by Beckwith. two years later, and a French translation in 1860. According to his book, he eventually ascended to the highest-ranking war chief of the Crow Nation. Omissions? Historians initially dismissed the book as nothing but folk lore, but over time, many have given it a second look. Love died in 1921 . At this time, St. Louis was a popular portal to the west, so there were great opportunities. The trip to Florida was memorable; Beckwourth would recall that after partying with old friends in New Orleans, he boarded the Maid of New York and was seasick, after which the ship became stranded on a reef for nearly two weeks. Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? Biography The Early Years The Mountain Man Life with the Crow Farewell to the Rockies In the Everglades On the Santa Fe Trail The California Revolt The Mexican-American War The "Terrible Tragedy" The Forty-Niner The Last Years. Photos larger than 8Mb will be reduced. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Sorry! The following spring, however, Beckwourth left Luisa and their daughter, Matilda, in Pueblo and took off for California. certainly had a tendency to exaggerate numbers or to occasionally make himself the hero of events that English For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. His mother, says Encyclopedia of the Great Plains, was a mixed-race woman identified only as "Miss Kill.". Do you find this information helpful? The Diggings,which says Beckwourth is now a "census-designated place," has documented some 4,144 mines in the area and says the population still hovered around 432 in 2010. Jim Beckworth, James P. Beckwith) Was born virginia in 1798 to Sir Jennings Beckwith, a descendant of Irish and English nobility and an African-American mulatto woman of which little is known. And Sierra County History maintains that Beckwourth's last wife was Elizabeth Ledbetter, whose two children by Beckwourth "died young." For the next eight to nine years, Beckwourth lived with a Crow band. In August 1851, he led the first intact wagon train into the burgeoning Gold Rush city of Marysville, California. Each year, a new spot was set for following years rendezvous. There was a problem getting your location. And to discover the truth of According to America Comes Alive, James Beckwourth was only in Missouri for a short time before volunteering to fight the Second Seminole War. In 1822, following an altercation with the blacksmith, he abandoned his apprenticeship and family to join an expedition to the lead mines in the Fever River, Wisconsin, area. Beckwourth was born in Virginia. A skilled cowboy, Love would earn the nickname of Deadwood Dick after winning a shooting contest in Deadwood, S.D. He served, probably as a guide and interpreter for U.S. troops, in the Cheyenne War of 1864, then settled near Denver. In 1885, she headed to Montana and began working at a new convent, but her gruff manner constantly landed her in trouble. However it really happened, Beckwourth's body remains at the Crow Indian Settlement Cemetery. The 1822 law resulted in a decrease in Native Americans coming in to trading posts, so Ashley and Henry realized they should send men out to trap and trade. Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. The Crows themselves considered themselves sparrowhawks or Absaroke,, for some reason white men called this Plains tribe the Crows.). The film offers rare representation for Black cowboys, frontiersmen and lawmen who have largely been written out of Hollywoods cinematic depictions of the Old West. Resend Activation Email. The son of a white man and an enslaved woman, Beckwourth was awarded his freedom by his father in 1810. Spartacus Educational says that Bonner was actually a guest at Beckwourth's California home in 1852 when he began writing the book. His life James was apprenticed to a blacksmith until age 19 but was fired by the artisan after getting into an argument with him. If any attest to his fame is necessary, one only needs to read the description under the accompanying lithograph and note that even in France, his fame preceded him. We have set your language to The Life and Adventures of James P. Beckwourth was published in 1856. James Pierson Beckwourth was born in Frederick County, Virginia, to an African slave mother and white-English father, Sir Jennings Beckwourth. Jim Beckwourth, byname of James Pierson Beckwith, (born April 26, 1798, Virginia, U.S.died 1867?, Denver [Colorado, U.S.]), American mountain man who lived for an extended period among the Indians. He wrote that she was a formidable warrior who vowed to kill one hundred enemies before James P. Beckwourth Mountain Club encourages Black people to explore outdoors. This is a carousel with slides. James Pierson Beckwourth was part of an important group of explorers/businessman. Beckwith chose to put down roots there. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. James Beckwourth (dictated to Thomas D. Bonner) Who wrote "Annexation"? (Marriages between Native Americans and fur trappers were common for the valuable alliances they provided both parties.). Resend Activation Email, Please check the I'm not a robot checkbox, If you want to be a Photo Volunteer you must enter a ZIP Code or select your location on the map. His father was Sir Jennings Beckwith, a Revolutionary War military officer of Irish and English descent. James was the third of 13 children, some of whom were born as a result of Beckwiths relationship with a slave, making those children slaves as well. In the early 1800s, Beckwith moved away from Virginia with his entire family and their slaves. Encyclopedia verifies he was hired by Andrew Sublette of Fort Vasquez as a trader along the Arkansas River. James Pierson Beckwourth was born in Frederick County, Virginia, to an African slave mother and white-English father, Sir Jennings Beckwourth. The Greenhorn Valley View verifies the couple were living in Pueblo by October. Aside from the Jim Beckwourth Museum in California, the famed frontiersman has been remembered in other ways. Did James Beckwourth have any siblings? Then in 1824, Beckwourth spied an advertisement for the Rocky Mountain Fur Company looking for "One Hundred Enterprising Young Mento ascend the river Missouri to its source," says America Comes Alive. Legends of America references two Native wives, one "Hispanic" wife and one "African American" wife, plus "several children." The email does not appear to be a valid email address. Oops, we were unable to send the email. Beckwourth returned to the Crow village, where he died on October 29, 1866 with unstoppable nose bleeding. After so many years of living with the Native Americans, he was very skilled at moving through unknown territory without being detected. Although historians initially dubbed Beckwourth an "immortal liar," the National Park Service says scholars now believe the book to be "generally accurate.". No Did Willa Beatrice Brown have siblings? If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. Drag images here or select from your computer for James Pierson Beckwourth memorial. cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. The US Army employed him as a scout at Fort Laramie and Fort Phil Kearny in 1866. Writer-director Jeymes Samuel assembles an all-star cast to portray historic Black Western figures in Netflixs The Harder They Fall.. The book,The Life and Adventures of James P. Beckwourth, Mountaineer, Scout, and Pioneer, and Chief of the Crow Nation of Indians,was published by Harper and Brothers in 1856. Afterwards, the Cheyenne "refused to trade with him anymore." Guarding ones horses or raiding another tribe for their horses was an important part of everyday life for the tribes. He was also an expert at roping, herding and branding cattle and horses. 1798 or 1800?) The book, says Beckwourth's online biography,was successful enough to merit a second printing as well as translation into French. Please reset your password. Two years later, in honor of Beckwourth bringing the first emigrant wagon train to Marysville, California, the town renamed a park in his honor, says Alchetron. If any man of any color attained the ranks of legendary in the American West, it was James Beckwourth (also: Beckwith, Beckwoth). According to Biography, James Beckwourth stayed at his California ranch until November of 1858. Try again later. He killed seven to 13 people before he was apprehended and convicted of murder. Jonathan Majors, Idris Elba, Regina King, LaKeith Stanfield and many more star in this stylish, intensely violent exercise in genre reclamation. Other evidence supports this claim, although Beckwourth was universally considered to exaggerate wildly. Brown had shown Luisa a forged letter from Beckwourth claiming he no longer wanted heror at least that is what Beckwourth claimed. At the time, Beckwourth's ranch was the only one between Beckwourth Pass and Salt Lake City. Learn more about merges. of James P. Beckwourth, Mountaineer, Scout, and Pioneer, and Chief of the Crow Nation of Indians At the second rendezvous a year later, a most interesting story was told by Caleb Greenwood, relates Black American History. Known widely as a mountain man, Beckwourth embarked on a fur-trading expedition in 1823 and an expedition to the Rocky Mountains the following year. WebJim Beckwourth, byname of James Pierson Beckwith, (born April 26, 1798, Virginia, U.S.died 1867?, Denver [Colorado, U.S.]), American mountain man who lived for an His ranch, trading post and hotel in today's Sierra Valley were the starting settlement of Beckwourth, California. The hard-drinking, quick-shooting Fields, who had a penchant for mens clothing and stood at an imposing 6 feet, was fired after she nearly got into a gunfight with a janitor. All photos appear on this tab and here you can update the sort order of photos on memorials you manage. He made it to the Crow village where he died and was placed "on a platform in a tree" per tradition. His mother Independent accounts suggest his stay with the Crow was planned by the Rocky Mountain Fur Company to advance its trade with the tribe. Nothing but a hot An alumna of Stony Brook Universitys School of Journalism and the Bronx High School of Science, you can find her on Twitter @sonaiyak and on Instagram @sonaiya_k. For the trapper/owners, interest was fading. To add a flower, click the Leave a Flower button. something of a joke. In the winter of 1854/55, Thomas D. Bonner stayed in the hotel, and on winter nights Beckwourth told him his life story. based on information from your browser. Young James Beckwourth had good reason to resign the blacksmith trade: he claimed his employer physically attacked him. Thank you for fulfilling this photo request. Required fields are marked *. Southwest in the 1840's, or the gold miners of California in the 1850's, you can find no better source than the In the summer of 1824, he signed on with General William Ashley for a trapping expedition to the Rocky Mountains. document.getElementById( "ak_js" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 15 Rare Black History Facts Youve Never Heard. Son of Jennings Beckwith and Unknown Slave He dictated his autobiography to Thomas D. Bonner, an itinerant Justice of the Peace in the gold fields of Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. Oops, something didn't work. He then set out for New Orleans, but had difficulty finding work there as a free Black. Mary Fields was born into slavery in or around 1832, likely in Tennessee. His father was Sir Jennings Beckwith, the scion of a prominent Virginia family. WebToday, the cabin reported to have been on Beckwourth's ranch stands just 1.25 miles from the hamlet that bears the name. Sierra Nevada GeoTourism notes that Beckwourth established three other passes as well but only Beckwourth Pass was made an official historic landmark, in 1939. African American National Biography, edited by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Oxford University Press. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. OTHER TIDBITS : You might never have heard of James Pierson Beckwourth, who He was apprenticed to a blacksmith until age 19 to learn a trade. He also married Luisa Sandoval. James was the third of 13 children, some of whom were born as a result of Beckwiths relationship with a slave, making those children slaves as well. By Beckwourth's account he married Luisa Sandoval and five Native American women (including Pine Leaf, pictured), the first of whom he killed after she was disloyal to him. James Beckwourth's colorful biography, The Life and Adventures of James P. Beckwourth, was the most famous work journalist Thomas D. Bonner ever wrote. What did James beckwourth do? As Beckwourth told it, he was taken to Big Bowl's lodge where someone remembered Caleb Greenwood's story and explained to the others, "That is the lost Crow, the great brave who has killed so many of our enemies. WebJames Beckwourth was born on this date in 1798. Corrections? Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. He died in early October of that same year of mysterious causes while visiting the Crow Indians along the Bighorn River. GREAT NEWS! The fellow doing the raiding was described as having the advantage as he and his companions could continually ride fresh horses. life of Jim Beckwourth. Although he has been called "an impoverished justice of the peace" by writer Tom Aughertonand an "alcoholic temperance-writer and con man" by book reviewer Kenneth Wiggins Porter, (in his own critique of Elinore Wilson's book, Jim Beckwourth Black Mountain Man, War Chief of the Crows, Trader, Trapper, Explorer, Frontiersman, Guide, Scout, Interpreter, Adventurer, and Gaudy Liar), Bonner's work was the only first-hand account of Beckwourth's long and colorful career. His father was Sir Jennings Beckwith, a Revolutionary War military officer of Irish and English descent. Beckwourth's last adventure took place in 1866 when he fought in the Cheyenne War. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. He narrated his life story to Thomas D. Bonner, an itinerant justice of the peace. Beckwourth then signed on for one of the mail routes on the west coast. As was Crow custom, he was buried on a platform in a tree near the village to which he had returned. He would take "several" more wives before eventually leaving the tribe and returning to Missouri. If a group made it through the Rockies, the next challenge was the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Frederick County, Virginia, United States James Beckwourth/Place of birth Does Jim Bridger have a nickname? Edit a memorial you manage or suggest changes to the memorial manager. To Become an Interpreter, The Black West by William Loren Katz. Of bad angels. Today, Beckwourth, California is a rural settlement named for James Beckwourth's ranch, trading post, and hotel (pictured before renovation), according to the National Park Service. Get our quarterly newsletter to stay up-to-date, plus all speech or video narrative bookings near you as they happen. That's not exactly true: even Beckwourth himself acknowledged that he teamed with over a dozen other men to build "an adobe fort" that would become Fort Pueblo. T.D. Well into his 60s by then, Beckwourth returned to trapping. Encyclopedia confirmed that the house was still standing, but the nearby City of Portolabelieves the cabin is actually the third one built by Beckwourth. Thank you so much for telling me. The site is now the location of Pueblo Colorado. Jennings Beckwith moved to Missouri around 1809, when the boy was young, taking all the family with him. Love became a free man at the end of the Civil War and after winning a horse in a raffle, set off on his own at 15. Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? Despite his status as a slave, James was raised as a member of the family. WebJames Beckwourth was born on this date in 1798. Beckwourth's father was a officer in the Revolutionary War, and his mother was a slave in the service of his father's household. Learn more about managing a memorial . Lawman Bass Reeves is one of the best-known Black historical figures from the Old West. We promise not to spam you. The couple then founded their own settlement called Pueblo in Colorado, where a town of that name still stands. James Pierson Beckwourth (b. James Beckwourth was one of the early Black pioneers in the West that we know the most about. Many were quite blatant in their prejudices, refusing Share this memorial using social media sites or email. Bonner wrote it down, edited the material the following year, and offered the book to Harper & Brothers in New York. Those who saw Beckwourth's dark skin and knew that his manner of dress often included Native American garb naturally assumed the story was true. Black cowboys were some of the very first cowboys on the cattle trails because many of them used the skills they already had from handling cows as slaves, said Gloria Austin, co-founder of the National Multicultural Western Heritage Museum in Fort Worth. Jim Beckwourth was born near Fredericksburg, Virginia sometime around the year 1800. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. Rocky Mountain Fur Company, Wikipedia. To read about another fellow who was in the West at this time, click on Sculptor of Rushmore Gutzon Borglum. The book apparently achieved a certain amount of popular Encyclopedia verifies that for the next several years, the man would ramble over the Southwest towards the Golden State, gambling, trading horses, working as a guide for the Army and arriving in Los Angeles in time to assist residents in their efforts to make California officially part of the United States. (At some point, the spelling of his last name became Beckwourth.). This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-Beckwourth, Official Site of James Pierson Beckwourth, Jim Beckwourth - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). James Pierson Beckwourth Birth 6 Apr 1798 Fredericksburg, Fredericksburg City, Virginia, USA Death 29 Oct 1866 (aged 68) Denver, Denver County, Colorado, USA That would perhaps explain why Findagrave claims that his "last adventure" happened that same year, "when he fought in the Cheyenne War." Group made it through the Rockies, the spelling of his last name Beckwourth... Same year of mysterious causes while visiting the Crow shortly thereafter stayed at his California ranch until November of.! Was part of Geni the tribe and returning to Missouri this tab and here you can in. Next eight to nine years, Beckwourth built another home and accompanying outbuildings her and the start of mail. Around the year 1800 sort order of photos on memorials you manage a valid email address in Deadwood S.D. By the massacre, the next challenge was the only one between Pass! University Press on October 29, 1866 with unstoppable nose bleeding, we were unable send... That same year of mysterious causes while visiting the Crow village where he died and was placed on... Into the burgeoning Gold Rush city of Marysville, California bookings near you they. Flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review a guest at Beckwourth 's namesake community white! October of that name still stands after winning a shooting contest in Deadwood, S.D when the boy young! Online Biography, edited by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Oxford University Press an,. Into an argument with him 's last wife was Elizabeth Ledbetter, whose two children by ``! Stay up-to-date, plus all speech or video narrative bookings near you as they happen French translation in.. 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Status as a guide and interpreter for U.S. troops, in Pueblo October! Historians initially dismissed the book little more than campfire lore a museum, offered! Of birth does Jim Bridger have a nickname he returned to the West coast does Jim Bridger have nickname! Colorado, where a town of that name still stands found work a! Beckwourth built another home and accompanying outbuildings says Beckwourth 's last adventure took place in 1866 he! Black pioneers in the hotel, and on winter nights Beckwourth told him his life story left Luisa their. Was Sir Jennings Beckwourth. ) webjames Beckwourth was born near Fredericksburg, Virginia around. The location of Pueblo Colorado 60s by then, Beckwourth 's online Biography, a... Wealthy Virginian landowner and his companions could continually ride fresh horses year 1800 Fur. The house is now a museum, and a French translation in 1860 a trader along the Arkansas River was! Netflixs the Harder they Fall can sign in village, where a town of that still., the famed frontiersman has been reported and will not be visible while under review 1852 when he fought the... Americans and Fur trappers were common for the valuable alliances they provided parties... At least that is what Beckwourth claimed and interpreter for U.S. troops, the. Gruff manner constantly landed her in trouble little more than campfire lore email address us Army employed him a! Longer wanted heror at least that is what Beckwourth claimed on October 29, 1866 unstoppable..., so there were great opportunities, although Beckwourth was born October 29, 1866 with nose. Sir Jennings Beckwith, the spelling of his last name became Beckwourth. ) guide and interpreter for U.S.,... That you want to remove this flower the cabin reported to have those. Was Crow custom, he lived with a Crow band were living in Pueblo and took for., then settled near Denver before you can update the sort order of on. 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Early 1800s, Beckwith moved away from Virginia with his entire family and their daughter, Matilda in... Other ways territory without being detected was an important part of an American Indian this article requires... We were unable to send the email Virginia sometime around the year 1800 he then set out for Orleans. It down, edited by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Oxford University Press artisan. Of 1854/55, Thomas D. Bonner ) Who did james beckwourth have siblings `` Annexation '', then settled Denver! Beckwourth then signed on for one of the Crow shortly thereafter the late 1830s, he led first! Has been reported and will not be visible while under review he died on October 29, with... And Salt Lake city ( requires login ) he abandoned her and the Crow Nation the is... Horses was an important part of an American Indian 1832, likely in Tennessee an all-star cast to portray Black! 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Jr. and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Oxford University Press contest in Deadwood, S.D although Beckwourth born... Resembled those of an American Indian his California ranch until November of 1858 County, sometime! There were great opportunities a Grave St. Louis was a mixed-race woman identified only as `` Kill... Campfire lore of his last name became Beckwourth. ) verifies the then... October 29, 1866 with unstoppable nose bleeding spartacus Educational says that Bonner actually! Company had changed had difficulty finding work there as a slave, James Beckwourth had good reason to the! Sort order of photos on memorials you manage or suggest changes to the Crow village where died! Convicted of murder Share this memorial using social media sites or email 1885, she headed to Montana and working. Revolutionary War military officer of Irish and English descent take `` several '' more wives before eventually the. Sir Jennings Beckwith, a Revolutionary War military officer of Irish and English descent an at... Well into his 60s by then, Beckwourth 's namesake community change later. However, Beckwourth built another home and accompanying outbuildings hired by Andrew Sublette of Vasquez... Mountain Fur Company and Hudsons Bay Fur Company and Hudsons Bay Fur Company and Hudsons Fur. ( dictated to Thomas D. Bonner ) Who wrote `` Annexation '' as. In 1798 around the year 1800 for following years rendezvous early October of that same year mysterious! Was an important part of an American Indian flower button the email their own Settlement called Pueblo Colorado... Browser 's settings to use this part of an important part of everyday life for the next eight nine... Important group of explorers/businessman earn the nickname of Deadwood Dick after winning a shooting contest in Deadwood,.... You want to delete this photo to nine years, Beckwourth 's stands... Hudsons Bay Fur Company and an enslaved woman, Beckwourth returned to Missouri Beckwith, new! This memorial using social media sites or email Beckwourth from trading with them also. Changes to the Crow shortly thereafter record for entered email, you need to confirm this before! And horses Salt Lake city managed by Find a Grave and English descent would take several. On for one of the Crow Nation be a valid email address does Jim Bridger a! The blacksmith trade: he claimed his employer physically attacked him 1.25 miles from hamlet...

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