Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. When the central and state governments, both work hand-in-hand for the development of their economy, with a degree of freedom that is necessary . The local governments can decide to fight the existence of some specific national laws by going through the justice system of the country. 4. There are other political systems the country could have adopted but because of some reasons which I am going to share with you today, federalism seemed to be the best idea. You are not allowed to sell the hair of a dog or cat in Delaware. Federalism therefore involves the linkage of individuals, groups and policies in lasting but limited union in such a way as to provide for the energetic pursuit of common goals while maintaining the respective integrities of all parties. The following were the major reasons for the introduction of federalism in Nigeria: Relocate to Canada Today! The desire to have authority to taxation and the general welfare of the citizens of America also made them increase national government powers. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. Federalism can create oppositional competition. The military were able to create more states because military decrees do not pass the same rigorous method bills pass in a democratic government. ensure the integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe. By way of conclusion, it is imperative to know that the reason why Nigeria is still practicing federalism today is because the system seems to be suitable for our political value and culture. house of representatives and the Senate). Federalism can encourage the passing of ridiculous laws. This process can create positive or negative results. America also wanted to possess inherent power to enable them conduct foreign affairs which inherently belonged to the nation. Here are just a few of the craziest laws you can find in the U.S. right now. The federal system better tackles regional and local problems and needs. For the United States, it is the wage and wealth gaps to consider. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. Abacha regime, added more states making Nigeria a federation of 36 states and Federal capital Territory at Abuja. Many of them are similar, but there are also several which are not. The system causes government to have control of itself because of great rivalry of power between the state and the nation. Federalism avoids single supreme national governance where there is only one authority. There is a need to establish institutions for the study offederalism in Nigeria and to reduce ethnic and ideological biases in research on Nigerian federalism. Bible Commentary Bible Verses Devotionals Faith Prayers Coloring Pages Pros and Cons, 9 Powerful Catholic Prayers Asking for Forgiveness, 50 Biblically Accurate Facts About Angels in the Bible, 50 Most Profitable Youth Group Fundraising Ideas for Your Church, 250 Ice Breaker Questions for Teen Youth Groups, 25 Important Examples of Pride in the Bible, Why Jesus Wept and 11 Lessons from His Tears, 25 Different Ways to Worship God and Praise the Lord. These include: 1. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ The availability of resources in a particular region and the need for that area to control the resources has also been seen as a reason for a federal system in Nigeria. Several positive and negative attributes of federalism have manifested themselves in the U.S. political system. The reasons are not far fetch; the federal government, ever since the intervention of the military in government, has. Because communities can set their own laws (within reason) under a federalist structure, it becomes possible for some population groups to place the wants of the majority over the needs of the entire community. 5. Here lies the overiding importance of the two dates 25th February 2023 and 11th march 2023. Not only is Nigerias population compared to those of other countries, huge; but it is also growing daily. It is the result of the highly established units which can usually be absent. A federal government offers representation to different populations. Register or login to receive notifications when there's a reply to your comment or update on this information. This assessment on Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages was written and submitted by your fellow Resource control: History of federal system of government in nigeria There must exist supremacy of the constitution, which implies that laws passed by the authority in the federal arrangement, if contrary to the constitution shall be declared to be ultra votes. 2023. Download. By Federalism, we mean a system whereby constitutional powers are shared or divided between the central (Federal) government and the component states that formed the federation for the purpose of exercising these powers to develop their domain. Every power that is useful and can be implied in the federal government is always delegated by national government. in or register, The federal system better tackles regional and local problems and needs. And this is one of the factors responsible for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Each citizen of any particular state shall be entitled to equal rights, privileges and immunities. Hence, the problem with the Nigerian fiscal federalism can be explained in terms of its historical origin and the character of its federal fiscal arrangements or regimes as well as we as blatant . 5. Examples of countries that practice federalism with a rigid constitution are; Nigeria, US etc. The British in their quest for economic wealth and geo-political edges over other Europeans in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa. Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. This allows the central or federal government to share governmental powers between the central or federal government and the components regions, state, etc. 8. The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria Charas Madu Tella, Ahmed Wali Doho, Aliyu Bapeto Abstract Federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are . Needs/Reasons For The Adoption Of Federalism In Nigeria So, what are the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? 6. In 1788, Fisher Ames of Massachusetts made a declaration to increase the powers of the national government. What is the role of a reference librarian? This has been the Justice Udo Udoma is of the view that regionalism was introduced by the colonialists in order to divide and rule, and weaken true national unity in Nigeria. For example, pollution from a province which is promoting industrialization in a big way can affect another region which depends solely on agriculture and cause crop damage. It is believed by many that this was one of the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federalist system. You cannot drive a horse in Indiana above a set speed limit of 10mph. Thus, from 1914 to 1946, 1963, 1967, 1976, 1987 and 1993 the Nigerian With the creation of Katsina and Akwa Ibom in 1987, the country became a federation of 21 States. Read Also:Importance of Journalism in Nigeria. This is also one of the reasons for federal system of government in Nigeria. The Pros of Federalism. In my view, federalism is a good system for Nigeria. What are advantages and disadvantages of Constitution? As I have already explained, Nigeria is an amalgamation of three different regions with beliefs and customs. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. Since 1954 successively Nigerian constitution had adopted the federal system of government without much emphasis on the unity or disunity it has accorded to Nigeria. Federalism allows the government to become more responsive to individual needs. The results that come from these efforts can then be useful when deciding if such an idea should be rolled out to the rest of the country. Nigeria did not choose federal system of government because it is the best or most practiced system of government in the world. Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. When power is not centralized in a government, then there are fewer issues with individual corruption that can impact the entire nation. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Brazil is the only federation practising this form of federalism. Federalism is a compromise meant to eliminate the disadvantages of both systems. There was just the Northern Protectorate and the Southern Protectorate. Some of these powers include: power to declare war, coin money, raise navy and armies and govern the Indian tribes (Elazar, 138). The local governments could distribute resources first instead of relying on the national government like the island because of the availability of local resources. Many Nigerian ethnic groups began to agitate for their own states. Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. Both scenarios pose a threat to the countries integrity. There are several pros and cons of federalism to consider when looking at it as a political system. The Benefits of Federalism. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Importance of federalism. It is said that there are over three hundred and fifty (350) ethnic groups in Nigeria. These include: 1. The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. They are better suited to deal with the true things that need to be changed. The states have now become the administrative units of the federal government. His answer was that federalism a political system permitting a large . Here, both the majority and minority are represented in the government. All variables measure of fiscal federalism had a positive relationship with per capita income excluding revenue allocated to the LGA's, that of mortality rate had a negative relationship with the variables . Your browser seems to have Javascript disabled. The structure of this government can create inefficiencies in the system because the national government might not like the way the local officials choose to oversee their communities. It is possible to test different policies in a country that has local and state government. 4. given Americans wider ranges of choice among the different political and economic . Also see: Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, reasons for federal system of government in nigeria. Others do not. New York: Harper & Row, 1984. This is so because where federal principles apply, the various ethnic groups that cannot or dont form majority to produce large part may have the opportunity of governing themselves within their federating unit controlled by them. But before moving to the crux of this article, we will be looking briefly at the meaning and history of federalism in Nigeria. The full explanation of Nigeria's federalism. Live, Study and Work in Canada. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. There are efficiencies to consider with delegation that make this governing structure such an inviting option. 2.5 It Encourages Innovation In Governing. Another important factor that necessitated federalism in Nigeria was the political culture of the country. Matters, enumerated in the exclusive list are selected for the federal authority, while matters that fall within the concurrent list are selected for the federal government, and the regions. The smaller branches of the local governments are right in the middle of the local society. Thus, the failure of Nigerian federalism can be attributed to its' abundance and dependence on oil resources. This has nexus with the particular sharing formula adopted. Most of the democratic countries in the world today use this method of governing, including Australia, Canada, India, and the United States.

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